Waking EEG functional connectivity in middle-aged and older adults with obstructive sleep apnea
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Sleep medicine
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Elsevier
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- Sleep-related breathing disorder
- Quantitative electroencephalography
- Wakefulness
- Functional connectivity
- Imaginary coherency
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Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating changes in waking electroencephalography
(EEG), most specifically regarding spectral power and functional connectivity, in middle-aged and
older adults with OSA. We also explored whether changes in spectral power or functional
connectivity are associated with polysomnographic characteristics and/or neuropsychological
performance.
Methods: 19 OSA subjects (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 20, age: 63.6 ± 6.4) and 22 controls (apneahypopnea index ≤ 10, age: 63.6 ± 6.7) underwent a full night of in-laboratory polysomnography
followed by a waking EEG and a neuropsychological assessment. Waking EEG spectral power
and imaginary coherence were compared between groups for all EEG frequency bands and scalp
regions. Correlation analyses were performed between selected waking EEG variables,
polysomnographic parameters and neuropsychological performance.
Results: No group difference was observed for EEG spectral power for any frequency band.
Regarding the imaginary coherence, when compared to controls, OSA subjects showed decreased
EEG connectivity between frontal and temporal regions in theta and alpha bands as well as
increased connectivity between frontal and parietal regions in delta and beta 1 bands. In the OSA
group, these changes in connectivity correlated with lower sleep efficiency, lower total sleep time
and higher apnea-hypopnea index. No relationship was found with neuropsychological
performance.
Conclusions: Contrary to spectral power, imaginary coherence was sensitive enough to detect
changes in brain function in middle-aged and older subjects with OSA when compared to controls.
Whether these changes in cerebral connectivity predict cognitive decline needs to be investigated
longitudinally.
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